44,451 research outputs found
Airborne infrared mineral mapping survey of Marysvale, Utah
Infrared spectroradiometer survey results from flights over the Marysvale, Utah district show that hydrothermal alteration mineralogy can be mapped using very rapid and effective airborne techniques. The system detects alteration mineral absorption band intensities in the infrared spectral region with high sensitivity. The higher resolution spectral features and high spectral differences characteristic of the various clay and carbonate minerals are also readily identified by the instrument allowing the mineralogy to be mapped as well as the mineralization intensity
Can consumer research panels form an effective part of the cancer research community?
The North Trent Cancer Research Network’s Consumer Research Panel (NTCRN CRP) was established in December 2001 by the Academic Unit of Supportive Care at the University of Sheffield. In three years, the CRP has succeeded in nurturing a climate of sustainable consumer involvement within the NTCRN and this has become embedded in the culture of the network. Furthermore, the panel have championed a sustainable development of consumer involvement in health and social care research by testing new ground and forging a new way of working between health professionals and patients and carers. The CRP model has been held up as an example to other cancer networks, with new panels being set up around the country to emulate its success. This paper describes the Sheffield model of patient and public involvement and using the eight key principles of successful consumer involvement in research, identified in a recent paper by Telford et al (2003), provides a useful framework for analysing the work of the Panel. This demonstrates how consumers and professionals can inform each other to work constructively and synergistically to achieve impressive research results. The need for measurable outcomes to assess the impact and effect of consumer involvement is finally explored
The Effect of Connecting-passage Diameter on the Performance of a Compression-ignition Engine with a Precombustion Chamber
Results of motoring tests are presented showing the effect of passage diameter on chamber and cylinder compression pressures, maximum pressure differences, and f.m.e.p. over a speed range from 300 to 1,750 r.p.m. Results of engine performance tests are presented which show the effect of passage diameter on m.e.p., explosion pressures, specific fuel consumption, and rates of pressure rise for a range of engine speeds from 500 to 1,500 r.p.m. The cylinder compression pressure, the maximum pressure difference, and the f.m.e.p. decreased rapidly as the passage diameter increased to 29/64 inch, whereas further increase in passage diameter effected only a slight change. The most suitable passage diameter for good engine performance and operating characteristics was 29/64 inch. Passage diameter became less critical with a decrease in engine speed. Therefore, the design should be based on maximum operating speed. Optimum performance and satisfactory combustion control could not be obtained by means of any single diameter of the connecting passage
The Effect of Clearance Distribution on the Performance of a Compression-ignition Engine with a Precombustion Chamber
The clearance distribution in a precombustion chamber cylinder head was varied so that for a constant compression ratio of 13.5 the spherical auxiliary chambers contained 20, 35, 50, and 70 per cent of the total clearance volume. Each chamber was connected to the cylinder by a single circular passage, flared at both ends, and of a cross-sectional area proportional to the chamber volume, thereby giving the same calculated air-flow velocity through each passage. Results of engine-performance tests are presented with variations of power, fuel consumption, explosion pressure, rate of pressure rise, ignition lag, heat loss to the cooling water, and motoring characteristics. For good performance the minimum auxiliary chamber volume, with the cylinder head design used, was 35 per cent of the total clearance volume; for larger volumes the performance improves but slightly. With the auxiliary chamber that contained 35 percent of the clearance volume there were obtained the lowest explosion pressures, medium rates of pressure rise, and slightly less than the maximum power. For all clearance distributions an increase in engine speed decreased the ignition lag in seconds and increased the rate of pressure rise
Detection of hidden mineral deposits by airborne spectral analysis of forest canopies
Data from field surveys and biogeochemical tests conducted in Maine, Montana, and Washington strongly correlate with results obtained using high resolution airborne spectroradiometer which detects an anomalous spectral waveform that appears definitely associated with sulfide mineralization. The spectral region most affected by mineral stress is between 550 nm and 750 nm. Spectral variations observed in the field occur on the wings of the red chlorophyll band centered at about 690 nm. The metal-stress-induced variations on the absorption band wing are most successfully resolved in the high spectral resolution field data using a waveform analysis technique. The development of chlorophyll pigments was retarded in greenhouse plants doped with copper and zinc in the laboratory. The lowered chlorophyll production resulted in changes on the wings of the chlorophyll bands of reflectance spectra of the plants. The airborne spectroradiometer system and waveform analysis remains the most sensitive technique for biogeochemical surveys
A Kaluza-Klein Model with Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking: Light-Particle Effective Action and its Compactification Scale Dependence
We investigate decoupling of heavy Kaluza-Klein modes in an Abelian Higgs
model with space-time topologies and
. After integrating out heavy KK
modes we find the effective action for the zero mode fields. We find that in
the topology the heavy modes do not decouple in
the effective action, due to the zero mode of the 5-th component of the 5-d
gauge field . Because is a scalar under 4-d Lorentz
transformations, there is no gauge symmetry protecting it from getting mass and
interaction terms after loop corrections. In addition, after
symmetry breaking, we find new divergences in the mass that did not
appear in the symmetric phase. The new divergences are traced back to the
gauge-goldstone mixing that occurs after symmetry breaking. The relevance of
these new divergences to Symanzik's theorem is discussed. In order to get a
more sensible theory we investigate the
compactification. With this kind of compact topology, the zero mode
disappears. With no , there are no new divergences and the heavy modes
decouple. We also discuss the dependence of the couplings and masses on the
compactification scale. We derive a set of RG-like equations for the running of
the effective couplings with respect to the compactification scale. It is found
that magnitudes of both couplings decrease as the scale increases. The
effective masses are also shown to decrease with increasing compactification
scale. All of this opens up the possibility of placing constraints on the size
of extra dimensions.Comment: 35 pages, 6 figure
Stochastic resonance in bistable systems: The effect of simultaneous additive and multiplicative correlated noises
We analyze the effect of the simultaneous presence of correlated additive and
multiplicative noises on the stochastic resonance response of a modulated
bistable system. We find that when the correlation parameter is also modulated,
the system's response, measured through the output signal-to-noise ratio,
becomes largely independent of the additive noise intensity.Comment: RevTex, 10 pgs, 3 figure
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